![[photo-1506620101082-6d82db519896.jpg]] Photo by [Guillaume Jaillet](https://unsplash.com/@i_am_g?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText) on [Unsplash](https://unsplash.com/photos/lhiO67FmxU0?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText) Semantics, Syntactics and Pragmatics are three building blocks of Semiotics (also called semiology), which is the study of cultural sign processes – signs and symbols. There are more semio-related theories, such as Bio Semiotics - theory of the communication of information in living organism. This the definition of semantics-pragmatics-syntactics trinity defined by Wikipedia [1]: - **Semantics** tells about the meaning in a language, code, or other form of representation. - **Pragmatics** is concerned with bridging the explanatory gap between sentence meaning and speaker's meaning. - **Syntactics** (or syntax) is the study of the rules, or "patterned relations”, that govern the way words combine to form phrases and phrases combine to form sentences. ![[Pasted image 20230709113711.png|Figure 1: Building blocks of Semiotics]] Semiotics (as a universal philosophy of language) is one of the major characteristics required for ecosystem related languages and for a good reason. Every Ecosystem needs clearly defined communication to establish error-free messaging between all entities and their components. Existence of whole ecosystem depends on semantics, syntactics and pragmatics defined centrally (such a national languages) with open contribution and publicly available ontology distributed in Open Meta Datasets (Linked Data as an example). ![[Pasted image 20230709113800.png|Figure 2: Linked Data]] The content of the cloud is diverse in nature, comprising variety of Data Sets as linked hubs, connected together and describing Internet of Things in metadata form. ## Ecosystem Interpretation of Semiotics **Ecosystem Semantics** (CIEL approach [2]) is supported by existing Semantic Web Stack (depicted at picture below) and consists from various layers and standards such as OWL and RDF. Semantic Web Stack (proposed for machine processable web information) is constructed with three main principles in a mind: - Upward understanding – supported by standardized ontologies such as OWL (Web Ontology Language) , The "Spheres" InfoTrance theory or UDEF (Universal Data Element Framework) - Downward compatibility – supported by XML (Extensible Markup Language) and JSON - Logic Interoperability – supported by RDF (Resource description framework) **Cloud Syntactics** varies by cloud language, but generally it is metadata based, XML coded and symbol presented. **Cloud Pragmatics** is included inside Semantic Web Stack - supported by RDF. --- The data described by an ontology in the **OWL** family is interpreted as a set of "individuals" and a set of "property assertions" which relate these individuals to each other. An ontology consists of a set of axioms which place constraints on sets of individuals (called "classes") and the types of relationships permitted between them. These axioms provide semantics by allowing systems to infer additional information based on the data explicitly provided. OWL is endorsed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and has attracted academic, medical and commercial interest [1]. The **RDF** is based on making associations. It describes data by breaking each data element into three nodes: a subject, predicate and object [1]. RDF Implementation examples: The British Broadcasting Corporation has tested RDF to augment searches of its huge program guide. Best Buy and eBay have encoded their commercial listings in RDF [1]. The **UDEF** provides semantic links, through assigning an intelligent, derived ID as an attribute of the data element, essentially labeling the element as a specific data element concept [1]. UDEF Implementation example: The Supplier Management Council Electronic Enterprise Working Group of the Aerospace Industry Association (AIA) supports the UDEF as the naming convention solution to XML interoperability between standards that include all functions throughout a product's life-cycle and is working through a well-defined process to obtain approval of this position from AIA and its member companies [1]. ## References [1] Wikipedia - The Definitions [2] V.Baranek and M.Skilton; CLF or The case for CIEL; 02/2011 ## Related to [[Meta Language Categorization]] [[Ecosystem Communication - Information Processing]]